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2025: The Year in LLMs
This is the third in my annual series reviewing everything that happened in the LLM space over the past 12 months. For previous years see Stuff we figured out about …
New
The latest blog posts to take off on Hacker News. 1,227 posts.
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Scaffolding to Superhuman: How Curriculum Learning Solved 2048 and Tetris
Training gaming agents is an addictive game. A game of sleepless nights, grinds, explorations, sweeps, and prayers. PufferLib allows anyone with a gaming computer to play the RL game, but getting from “pretty good” to “superhuman” requires tweaking every lever, repeatedly.
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Attention Is Bayesian Inference
My journey from building cricket bots to building “wind tunnels” with my collaborators — and finding the answer hidden in geometry.
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AI employees don't pay taxes
Principal software engineer with deep experience in full-stack TypeScript, custom web browsers and real-time, media-focused systems.
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ManusAI Joins Meta
Manus is joining Meta, and we’ll continue delivering our current services while accelerating product improvements to bring more powerful, reliable general AI agent capabilities to more users and businesses.
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AI is forcing us to write good code
When Best Practices Are Best
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LLMs Are Not Fun
I got into programming because it let me turn thought into reality. If I could reason precisely, then a computer could carry out my thoughts unerringly. I could step away from tiring, ambiguous human interaction for a while.
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Five Years of Tinygrad
The first commit to tinygrad was October 17, 2020. It’s been almost three years since we raised money. The company is 6 people now. The codebase is 18,935 lines not including tests.
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Asking Gemini 3 to generate Brainfuck code results in an infinite loop
Asking Gemini 3 to generate Brainf*ck code results in an infinite loop, akin amost to a DDoS attack:
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AI Slop Report: The Global Rise of Low-Quality AI Videos
Kapwing’s new research shows that 21-33% of YouTube’s feed may consist of AI slop or brainrot videos. But which countries and channels are achieving the greatest reach — and how much money might they make? We analyzed social data to find out.
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Grok and the Naked King: The Ultimate Argument Against AI Alignment
When the world's richest man can simply 'correct' an AI to reflect his own values, what does that tell us about the entire alignment discourse?
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Rob Pike got spammed with an AI slop "act of kindness"
Rob Pike (that Rob Pike) is furious. Here’s a Bluesky link for if you have an account there and a link to it in my thread viewer if you don’t. …
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Codex vs. Claude Code (today)
Every AI tool has its strengths and weaknesses, and the only way to discover what they are is by using them.
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Building an AI agent inside a 7-year-old Rails monolith
We run a multi-tenant Rails application with sensitive data and layered authorization. In this post, I walk through how I added the first AI agent tool using RubyLLM, Pundit policies, and our existing Algolia search, without introducing a parallel system or loosening constraints.
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MiniMax M2.1: Built for Real-World Complex Tasks, Multi-Language Programming
在 M2.1 中, 我们系统性提升了 Rust / Java / Golang / C++ / Kotlin / Objective-C / TypeScript / JavaScript 等语言的能力, 多语言任务整体表现达到业内领先水平, 覆盖从底层系统到应用层开发的完整链路。
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Critical vulnerability in LangChain – CVE-2025-68664
Check Point's AI Security Solutions deliver AI-driven threat prevention and unified security management for advanced protection across enterprise networks.
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Salesforce regrets firing 4000 experienced staff and replacing them with AI
Salesforces has entered a phase of public reckoning after senior executives publicly admitted that the company overestimated AI’s readiness
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Google's year in review: areas with research breakthroughs in 2025
This year saw new AI models, transformative products and new breakthroughs in science and robotics.
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Lessons from the PG&E outage
At Waymo, our mission is to be the world’s most trusted driver. We know trust is built through consistent behavior over time—earned through every mile we drive and every interaction we have with the community. This past Saturday, as a widespread PG&E outage cut power to nearly one-third of San Francisco, our service…
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We replaced H.264 streaming with JPEG screenshots (and it worked better)
Or: How JPEG Screenshots Defeated Our Beautiful H.264 WebCodecs Pipeline
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AI Police Reports: Year in Review
In 2024, EFF wrote our initial blog about what could go wrong when police let AI write police reports. Since then, the technology has proliferated at a disturbing rate. Why? The most popular generative AI tool for writing police reports is Axon’s Draft One, and Axon also happens to be the largest...
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The Illustrated Transformer
Discussions: Hacker News (65 points, 4 comments), Reddit r/MachineLearning (29 points, 3 comments) Translations: Arabic, Chinese (Simplified) 1, Chinese (Simplified) 2, French 1, French 2, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Persian, Russian, Spanish 1, Spanish 2, Vietnamese Watch: MIT’s Deep Learning State of the Art lecture…
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Scaling LLMs to Larger Codebases
Where to focus investments to best leverage AI tooling
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Toad is a unified experience for AI in the terminal
My startup for terminals wrapped up mid-2025 when the funding ran dry. So I don’t have money, but what I do have are a very particular set of skills. Skills I have acquired over a very long career convincing terminals they are actually GUIs.
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Project Vend: Phase Two
How Claude turned around its failing vending machine business
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I announced my divorce on Instagram and then AI impersonated me
After maintaining a total stance of public silence for months, I recently publicly announced my unexpected divorce on Instagram. I shared a picture of the divorce cake that my friends got for me, and shared a brief essay I had drafted the day before about the news. I had to edit it down slightly from my original draft…
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A guide to local coding models
What you need to know about local model tooling and the steps for setting one up yourself